Epistemology and Ontology Readings
p. 168 — questions
Ontology — what is the nature of reality?
Epistemology, as a technical term in philosophy, refers to how we know and the relationship between the knower and the known. It is distinguished from ontology (what exists, and the nature of reality) and axiology (values), as well as methodology.
axiology — what is the role of values?
From https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.204486!/file/7ResearchDesign.pdf
Section 7.2: Epistemology is about how we know what we know, the nature of the relationship between the knower and the what can be known
Epistemology is concerned with providing a philosophical grounding for what kinds of knowledge are possible,…Ontology is the study of being or the nature of reality. NA ontological stance implies and epistemological stance and vice vera
Per Cresswell http://sandbox.informatics.iupui.edu/~kmacdorm/courses/ResearchDesign/Presentations/Creswell1Framework.pdf
What is epistemology What is epistemology? A theory of knowledge embedded in the theoretical perspective z What is a theoretical perspective? What lies behind the methodology in question z Wh t a i th d l ? is methodology? The strategy or plan of action that links methods to outcomes z What are methods? z The techniques and procedures we p p ro ose to use
Positivism, post positivism and the connection to validity
—in quant work, reliable and valid (if I weigh myself 5 times and get 5 different results, if
—reliable: are the scores consistent? —validity: does it measure what we want it to measure?
—the methods we have learned to determine how things are valid don’t hold up in qualitative research
In this paper: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1870&context=tqr
When judging (testing) qualitative work, Strauss and Corbin (1990) suggest that the “usual canons of ‘good science’…require redefinition in order to fit the realities of qualitative research” (p. 250).
What strategies do we use?
Reliability and validity are conceptualized as trustworthiness, rigor and quality in qualitative paradigm. It is also through this association that the way to achieve validity and reliability of a research get affected from the qualitative researchers’ perspectives which are to eliminate bias and increase the researcher’s truthfulness of a proposition about some social phenomenon (Denzin, 1978) using triangulation. Then triangulation is defined to be “a validity procedure where researchers search for convergence among multiple and different sources of information to form themes or categories in a study” (Creswell & Miller, 2000, p. 126).
Deaf Epistemology paper:
Where does that title come from? I think here:
Discussion of cyborgs echoes/touches on Haraway’s manifesto (see this summary: https://web.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/critstudies/sunny.html –“The cyborg is both a product of social reality and of fictionalized encryption.”
Also, from https://biopoliticsracegender.wordpress.com/2013/10/10/donna-haraway-a-cyborg-manifesto/
Cyborgs are “…a hybrid of machine and organism, [creatures] of social reality as well as [creatures] of fiction…” (104). Or, if you prefer: “…a hybrid of animal and machine, who populate worlds ambiguously natural and crafted…” (1991 version, p. 142). Haraway says that “the cyborg is our ontology, it gives us our politics.” (104) – part metaphor, part reality, the cyborg is the product of the imaginary and the material that structures our lives in the late 20th (and now the early 21st) century.
Note: the original authors didn’t incorporate Haraway into the paper, but there may be a way for you all to do it.
Can multiple Deaf epistemologies exist? As the draft states, “Who holds and transmits the Deaf cultural wealth and sets the mores for being Deaf.” What is the mythical norm that exists, and how is that reified in research and teaching?
NTJT, Ph.D. 